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How Does Machine Espresso Work? The machine espresso utilizes precision pressure, and filter technology that is awe-inspiring to create the coffee you love. How exactly does it work? To make an espresso hot water is forced under high pressure through finely ground coffee. The process is similar to making drip coffee, but the key difference is in the pressure. The Group Head The group head is the portafilter you place in the espresso maker when making it. It is responsible for dispersing the water into the portafilter before controlling the pressure that results from the extraction. There are a variety of types of group head, each with their unique advantages and disadvantages. Some are focused on temperature stability, some on pre-infusion features, and others are designed to control the lever. There are even some that include a mix of features, such as the E61, which is considered the standard choice for many baristas due to its capacity to offer multiple perks in one package. As you can see in the image above the group head is fitted with several notches. It is possible to place your portafilter into these notches and twist the head to lock it. There is also a gasket of rubber that is a part of the notches to help create a seal when you insert your portafilter into the machine. The notches allow for precise placement of the portafilter. This is crucial for an accurate extraction. Aside from allowing you to easily insert your portafilter, the group head is also responsible for maintaining a consistent temperature. It does this by cycling hot water through the brew basket and around the portafilter to ensure that it's always at the right temperature for extraction. It is important to note that even a slight deviation can make the difference between a good and great espresso. The Pump In contrast to manual piston machines that use a lever to pressurize water, rotary espresso machines rely on motorized pumps that provide the nine atmospheric bars of pressure needed to extract espresso. The pressure is built by pumping water through a heat exchanger and then through the ground coffee. Pumps tend to be less expensive and last for longer than piston-driven machines. However, both types of machines are susceptible to degrading because of frequent use and insufficient cleaning. They also add mechanical complexity, which can result in the cost of even the most basic models. espresso coffee machines remove the pump completely and instead utilize steam pressure to make espresso. This can cause over-extraction because the boiler that produces steam also heats the water until it comes to a boil. They also have to continually rebuild their pressure between cups. This takes energy and time. Many espresso machines make use of an rotary or a vibration pump. A vibration model employs an oscillating disk to create pressure, whereas a Rotary model pushes hot coffee through the ground at high speed. Both models are capable of producing excellent espresso, but the rotary models are quieter and more durable than vibration pumps. The Boiler The boiler is the one that makes the water warm to the ideal temperature for extraction. The steam that is created gets to the portafilter which contains the espresso coffee grounds. It is then poured into the cup. In this process, the steam creates pressure that pushes through the coffee grounds. This creates a foam on the top of the espresso. This is the hallmark of a great espresso. There are three types of espresso makers, which differ in the kind of pump they use and how hot the coffee is. There are various ways in which the brew can be controlled and the size of the cup that the machine can make. The first espresso machines were steam-type. They had a single boiler to make steam and brew, however the pressure they were able to produce was very low – just two bars of atmospheric pressure, at most. This led to the coffee tasting burnt and bitter. This is the reason why Milanese makers Luigi Bezzerra and Desiderio Pavoni created the modern espresso machine. The most well-known espresso machine is a semiautomatic that has an electric pump. When people think of espresso machines, they think of these machines. With a semi-automatic machine you must grind the beans and then tamp them yourself but the pump is able to regulate the flow of water and pressure. This is a perfect compromise between human control and mechanised accuracy. The Filter Typically, espresso machines employ a filter to separate out the grounds of coffee when they pass through the hot water. The filter is also a vital component of the temperature control system, since it helps prevent the machine from overheating. It also improves flavor as a filter lets you enjoy a longer bloom phase. This helps the beans to let their nuances out and provides the chance for better extraction. It is important to remember that even the best filter can result in a bad cup of coffee. The quality of the beans and the extraction process are still very important. It's here that the magic takes place. This is the reason why espresso tastes so good. The grouphead, sometimes referred to as the brew head, is where the portafilter (the thing you put the ground coffee into) is placed when you're making espresso. Steam-driven espresso machines make use of hot water that is heated in an airtight vessel to create steam. The steam then moves hot water through the coffee grounds under high pressure. These types of machines are generally less expensive and simpler to maintain than pumps-driven models. However, they are not as efficient in their ability to provide the perfect brewing conditions since they are only operating at 1-1.5 bars of pressure. While the perfect shot requires 9-10 bars. In recent times, espresso machines powered by compressed air-pump are becoming increasingly popular. They use an air compressor to force hot water through the ground, and are more mobile than steam-driven electric espresso machines.